Controversy Surrounding Animal Testing in the Cosmetic Industry The WritePass Journal

Controversy Surrounding Animal Testing in the Cosmetic Industry Abstract Controversy Surrounding Animal Testing in the Cosmetic Industry , pp. 1) utilizes the qualitative post positivism approach in order to evaluate a large number of subjects to the Draize eye test.   This form of analysis employed a large number of animals in the quest to determine the influence of external irritants on the eye. The utilization of qualitative data and surveys enabled a quality assessment of conditions that illustrates the full range of potential. The need to expose a large number of subjects to chemicals in order to achieve credible results was rewarded with substantial steps forward in the industry (Loprieno1992, pp. 809).   The utilization of the scientific method, in close proximity with the subjects, in order to create empirical evidence, coupled with experience is a viable practice when facing large numbers of potential subjects. The area of animal testing, in every form, is credited with allowing major advances in the production of medicines and cosmetics (Marzulli and Maibach 1983, pp. 281).   With a proven value that enables the ability to combat skin disease in both the human and animal kingdom, the justification for the methodology is argued to lie in the medical advances. Further supporting the benefits of the practice of quantitative studies, Bronaugh and Maibach (1999, pp. 167) point to the demonstrative aspects of the results which assist in determining the end parameters of the research. The converse ethical argument points to the unreliability of many of the test results to the large difference between species (PETA 2013, pp. 2). Both the qualitative and the quantitative approach have been utilized in an applicable manner, yet, the most relevant form for a well-balanced study of the animal testing in the cosmetic industry would be found in the qualitative mixed Post Positivist approach, as employed by Wilhemus (2013, pp. 1) and Degrazia (1996, pp. 72).   This method allows the production of empirical data via the questionnaires, alongside the addition of personal experience which will be essential in the study of the animal testing in cosmetics industry. The potential for large sample groups during the examination will be addressed in the approach, thereby adding to the value and potential of the application. Research Strategy In order to achieve the goal of this study and develop a fundamental understanding of the role of the controversy that surrounds animal testing in the cosmetic industry, a qualitative approach utilizing a questionnaire structure together with industry review was determined to be appropriate (Yin 2003, pp. 16). Yin (2003, pp. 16) argues that the use reliable elements in any given analysis adds to the overall substance of the results.   This approach will provide the foundation for an inclusive well rounded study. Studies that utilize empirical research advance due to theory and logical inquiry that are developed alongside each another (Yin 2003, pp. 15). Data Collection Data for this study will be collected the through questionaries’ and case studies in a qualitative approach we (Yin 2003, pp. 16). This method allows for a perception of balance in the results. Data Analysis It is vital to efficiently decode, interpret and examine qualitative research findings (Pope, Ziebland and Mays 2000, pp. 20). Reliability, Validity, and Generalizability Reliability and validity are argued to be one of the most critical aspects of data analysis and collection during research (Miles and Huberman 1994, pp. 23). The credibility of quantitative results is in the associated reliability of the data and methods as well as the underlying findings. Silverman (2006, pp. 21) illustrates that reliability can be created when respondents fully understand the question. This must be present in order so that the responses can be coded correctly. Codification is achieved by formulating questions as directly as possible, avoiding any obvious forms of ambiguity (Silverman, 2006, pp. 23). Before starting each questionnaire a brief explanation of the research as well as its themes are given to the interviewees. This facet enables interviewees to understand the exact meaning of the questions which were asked.   In each instance the subjects should be informed with the same information and starting point for the discussion, this serves to putting each person at ease (Silverman 2006, pp. 24). The potential method in which to achieve validity is through the comparison of different kinds of data, this is referred to as triangulation (Silverman 2006, pp. 25). This approach illustrates that the results have demonstrated that triangulation helps to assure the truth status of each person. The truth status was further cemented by assuring that the personal information, alongside information about the interviewees firm would be treated confidentially. Finally, the findings are promised to be reported anonymously. This anonymous strategy was applied because anonymity is presumed to improve the content of truth of the interviewees’ responses (Silverman 2006, pp. 25). Ethical Issues Ethical issues should be clearly and directly addressed in order to alleviate potential issues (Yin 2003, pp. 17). Research Limitations The primary limitation to this study stems from the methodology utilized.   Qualtitative studies often are subject to a large amount of variables that have the potential to alter the results (Creswell 2003, pp. 53). The answers to the questionaries’ are often dependent of the background of the person being interviewed (Creswell 2003, pp. 51). This fact tempers the final results of the study. References Anderson, M. 2006.  Tasks and techniques. New York: Nova Science Publishers. Bronaugh, R. and Maibach, H. 1999.  Percutaneous absorption. New York: Dekker. Creswell, J. 2003.  Research design. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications. Degrazia, D. 1996.  Taking animals seriously. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ec.europa.eu. 2013.  Ban on animal testing European Commission. [online] Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/sectors/cosmetics/animal-testing/ [Accessed: 8 Aug 2013]. Kimmel, A. 2007.  Ethical issues in behavioral research. Malden, MA: Blackwell Pub.. King, G., Keohane, R. and Verba, S. 1994.  Designing social inquiry. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Marzulli, F. and Maibach, H. 1983.  Dermatotoxicology. Washington: Hemisphere Pub. Corp.. Miles, M., Huberman, A., Hlady Rispal, M. and Bonniol, J. 2003.  Analyse des donnà ©es qualitatives. Bruxelles: De Boeck università ©. Miller, N. 1985. The value of Behavioral Research on Animals.  Teh Rockefeller University, 40 (4), pp. 423-440. PETA.org. 2013..  Cosmetics and Household-Product Animal Testing. [online] Available at: peta.org/issues/animals-used-for-experimentation/cosmetic-household-products-animal-testing.aspx [Accessed: 8 Aug 2013]. Pope, C., Ziebland, S., Mays, N. 2000. Analysing qualitative data. BMJ, 320(7227), 114-116. doi: 10.1136/bmj.320.7227.114 Silverman, D. 2006. Interpreting Qualitative Data (3 ed.). Oxford: The Alden Press. Yin, R. 2003.  Case study research. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications. Questionnaire: Controversy around animal testing and experimentation in the cosmetics industry Is animal testing in the field of cosmetics beneficial? Should animals be subject to death in order to determine the level of toxicity in proposed cosmetics product? Yes No. Should skin irritation testing be tested on mice if the animal in question will not feel any ill effects? Yes. No. Would you employ alternative methods over live animals in the cosmetics industry? Yes. No. Should the test animal be restrained during a testing? Yes. No. Is it allowable for a product to not be tested prior to market entry? Yes. No. If a test on a non-animal subject is considered inconclusive, should a live animal test be utilized? Yes. No. Is the European ban on animal testing a positive step? Yes. No. Should international companies that utilize animal testing be able to sell products in markets that ban the practice? Yes. No. Given the long history of animal testing, do you think that the practice has served to keep the general public safe? Yes. No. Is the potential for medical advances a good enough reason to use animals in testing? Yes. No. Does the prospect of an animal’s death stop you from allowing it to be used in the cosmetic industry? Yes. No. Can advances in technology fully replace the animal in the laboratory? Yes. No. Given the lack of similarity between subjects do you believe the results of animal testing are worth the process? Yes. No. What is your ethical and moral position on the practice of animal testing in the cosmetic industry? What are the primary benefits that are attributed to the practice of animal testing in the cosmetics industry? What are the primary detriments to the practice of animal testing in the cosmetic industry? What do you believe the future holds for the practice of animal testing in the cosmetics industry? Do you believe that animal testing has been beneficial for the animals standard of life? Is the practice of animal testing weakening the ability of the animal to survive?

Relationship between China and the United States Case Study

Relationship between China and the United States - Case Study Example And whatever the answer to these would surely rock the world. The relationship of the People's Republic of China (PRC) - to differentiate it from Imperial China to the China transformed by Mao Tse-Tung in 1949 - and the United States started bitterly, brought about by two diametrically opposed ideologies that each espouses: the United States, being the indefatigable monument of imperialism, and China, being the staunch ally of communist Russia. The world then was equatorially divided between imperialism in the west and communism in the east. And no one ever conceived that this demarcation would ever be radically altered. During this period (1949-1970) both nations regarded each other as intransigent enemies. The United States refused to acknowledge the PRC and denied China of its legitimacy being a nation by totally isolating it from the diplomatic community: it excluded China from the United Nations; it banned any trading with China; it fanned anti-communism and supported separatist movement within China (as what it did with USSR after the cold war) to divide the strong China; and it rallied South Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Southeast Asia and South Vietnam into a 'crescent-shaped alignment against communism', immediately communist China (Han-Yin Chang, 2000, p.62); that any ally having any diplomatic relations with China warrants the wrath of the powerful US. The U.S. depicted China to the world as repressive, fascistic, dictatorial, denying individual freedom that any one living in a democratic country, like America, enjoys. China on the other hand, side by side with Russia, was a front liner in the united front against US imperialism, all-out supporting national movements that decry U.S. colonialism. It was instrumental in the liberation of North Korea and North Vietnam. China portrayed the U.S. to the Chinese people and to the U.S. colonies, especially in Southeast Asia, that Uncle Sam - a derogatory depiction of the U.S. mocking it as an arrogant self-declared semi-god out to exploit nation's wealth and resources in the guise of benevolence - is nothing but a despotic aggressor, that would like to impose its hegemony over the peoples of the world. It perceived, and made all in its realm perceive, too, any U.S. action as an act of calculated subjugation and total exploitation. This marked anti-American sentiment lingers on among Chinese people until today. Such was the very hostile relationship of these two powerful nations that no peaceful gesture could lessen the tension, instead, if there was any, could have been interpreted as a mere ploy to thwart the other; that peaceful co-existence was unacceptable, because only one should rule the world. Each one representing the two contrasting ideologies, offered itself as the best social system to rule the world, both promising prosperity and humanization of society. Who could ever think that this would change' No one ever did, not even in any of these

Qulaity curriculum - review plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Qulaity curriculum - review plan - Assignment Example Also, the parents showed concern about the education that was being provided since it was not equipping the children to the level of learning that they should have before starting school. This required that the center investigates into the education that is being provided to the 4 years old as they prepare for transition to school. The focus of the review was framed into a question. Why are children not conforming to the recommended level of learning for school-starters and what measures can be taken to bolster the learning and moral development of the children? The guiding principles, as proposed by the Ministry of Education, define and give a framework for ECE centers to work upon. One of the principles maps out the role of the educators and administrators of ECE centers throughout the country. The principle states that, â€Å"Educators will develop and implement curriculum which assists all children to grow up as competent and confident learners and communicators, healthy in mind, body and spirit, secure in their sense of belonging and in the knowledge that they make a valued contribution to society† (The New Zealand Gazette, 1996). This entails that the educators make an analysis of the environment in which the children study and provide â€Å"resources to support the needs of each child and to facilitate quality curriculum and interactions† (The New Zealand Gazette, 1996). The educators must be trained to understand the motivations and thinking of four year old children and should engage in a process to improve curriculum programs. The desirable objectives and practices (DOPs) also require that educators implement a curriculum should â€Å"reflect the holistic way that children learn† (The New Zealand Gazette, 1996). Moreover the ECE center should aim to â€Å"enhance children’s sense of themselves as capable people and competent learners† (The New Zealand Gazette, 1996). The self-review will help the center

Motivation Skills Development Plan for Nursing

Motivation Skills Development Plan for Nursing Qi-Cai Liu Leadership has been described as a relational process in which an individual seeks to influence others towards a mutually desirable goal. (RNAO, 2013). To be an effective leader, the person must be able to create a compelling vision, build up a group, inspire and motivate the group to engage and achieve that vision (Mind Tools, 2015a). Nursing is a discipline which combines the scientific caring and political action (CNA, 2009). Nursing leadership plays an essential role in the nurses life. It influences the healthy outcome of the patients, nurses, organizations, and even the health system. According to the College of Nurses of Ontario (CNO, 2002), each nurse, across all domains, needs to demonstrate leadership in her/his nursing professional practice by providing and advocating the best service to the client/public. Registered nurses at the entry-level are required to have the ability or skills to build up a trust relationship with the clients and colleagues, to create a safe pract ice environment, to develop the knowledge in nursing science, and to balance the conflict values and priorities (CNO, 2014). Therefore, all the nurses need to start their leadership development during their education process. As a nursing student, I also plan to develop my leadership skills to meet the requirement from the CNO professional standards. There are two surveys,which are well designed to assess the leadership skills and motivations, are available at Mind Tools website (2015b). To identify my current leadership skills, I completed these two surveys and the results are shown in the appendix A and B. This paper is trying to analyze the two survey results and then to identify the strengths and weakness of my leadership, and then create a plan to improve my leadership skills within my current acute care clinical practice by applying the transformational leadership practices. Survey Results Analysis According to the leadership standard (CNO, 2002), nursing leadership requires many personal characteristics and skills, such as respect, relationship, trust, self-knowledge, learning, communication, integrity. To assess my leadership abilities, I completed two well-designed online surveys (Mind Tools, 2015b). One is How Good are Your Leadership Skills and one is Leadership Motivation Assessment. The survey results are shown in the appendix A and B. For the survey of How good are your leadership skills? there are 18 statements which are designed to assess the personal characteristics and transformational leadership. I got a score of 58 out of 90 (See appendix A), which implies that my current overall leadership is at medium level and there are many areas I need to improve. Personal characteristics refer to the traits of a leader, such as the respect, trust, self-confidence, empathy, positive attitude, honesty, outlook, and emotional intelligence. Personal characteristics are the important part of the leadership. It influences the success or failure of leadership. In the survey, the personal characteristic part includes three components: self-confidence, positive attitude and outlook, and emotional intelligence. The survey designers think that the self-confidence and positive attitude are the two key fundaments for leadership, as they believe that people like to be friends with the person with high self-confidence, and the person with a positive attitude is also easier to inspire and motivate the surround people. The survey designers also think the emotional intelligence is important for the leader to build up interpersonal relationships, which contributes to the leadership. I got a score of 7 out of 10 in all those three components, which indicates that I already have certain personal characteristic strengths. However, there are still some spaces need to improve. For examples, my self-confidence will fluctuate according to my abilities to perform certain things. I may have a negative attitude in a helpless situation. I may bring my personal emotion into the workplace when I lost control of it. To be an effective nursing leader in the future, I need to strength these leadership related personal characteristics, as well as those didnt include in the survey. Transformational leadership refers to a process leadership style that the leader identifies the requirement of change, creates a vision, delivers the vision to the team, and inspires the team to execute the change (Wikipedia, 2015a). Transformational leadership is one dominating theory in the nursing leadership practice and research (Hutchinson and Jackson, 2013). In the survey of How good are your leadership skills? the transformational leadership part consists five components (Mind Tools, 2015c): providing a compelling vision of the future, motivating people to deliver the vision, being a good role model, managing performance effectively, and providing support and stimulation. I got a score of 7 out of 10 in the components of being a good role model and managing performance effectively, which indicates that I will be able to present myself as an example for the followers and manage performance by setting up clear rules or expected targets. I got a score of 13 out 20 in the componen t of providing support and stimulation, which implies there are more spaces to improve my ability of stimulating the followers and my competency of providing support during the facilitating process. I usually think people need to very smart to stimulate other people, otherwise it will be very hard. For the component of providing a compelling vision of the future, I got a score of 6 out of 10, which indicates I am not good at providing a good vision. That is certainly true as I thought it is too hard or complicate to make a plan for the future as there are so many unpredictable changes would occur. However, I just learned that a good leader is able to adapt to the changing of the environment during the progress. Therefore, I need to develop this ability from now. I only got a score 4 out of 10 in the component of the motivating people to deliver the vision, which is the worst score over the all parts of the survey. However, it showed out the truth that I am not good at to motivate so meone else to deliver the vision. To be a good leader, it is not only required to create and deliver a vision, but also required to be able to motivate other people to help him/her to deliver the vision. Thus, I need to put more effort to improve this ability in the future nursing practice. For the second survey of The leadership motivation assessment(Mind Tools, 2015d), there are 14 statements which are designed to assess the motivation to lead. I got a score of 51 out of 70 (See appendix B), which implies that my current motivation to lead is at medium level and needs to improve. I always think that lead other people do something is the most challenging task. If people dont have good leadership skills, they will feel very stressful as the majority of their lead attempts will be not succeed. Based on this thinking, my motivation to be a leader is not very high. I am like to communicate with and build up positive relationships with other people. I am also like to participate group activities, and contribute my ideas to them. It is fine for me to help other people to fix the problems. However, when it comes to motivating some people to do something, I am not very confident with that. I do not like to face the frustration when receiving the refuse. I also do not know how to deal with those people who are hard to be motivated. As a result, I usually like to cooperate with other people rather than to lead or motivate them. However, as a nursing student, I am required to develop my leadership competencies to meet the professional standards (CNO, 2002). Therefore, it is the time for me to promote my leadership motivation. Based on the above analysis, I identified some my leadership strengths, which including: self-confidence, positive attitude and outlook, emotional intelligence, being a good role model, managing performance effectively. However, to be a good leader, I think these areas still need to further develop in the future practice. Besides that, I also found my weaknesses to be a leader, which including: providing a compelling vision of the future, motivating people to deliver the vision, providing support, as well as increasing motivation to lead. I need to start now to put some effort to improve these weaknesses. Motivation Skills Development Plan As mentioned above, leadership is one of the seven nursing professional standards (CNO, 2002). Therefore, as a nursing student, I need to cultivate my leadership competencies and develop my leadership skills from now. Based on the two surveys, I identified several weaknesses in my leadership, such as providing a compelling vision of the future, motivating people to deliver the vision, providing support, as well as increasing motivation to lead. I think all of those areas are deserve to improve as they are the important components of leadership. However, in contrast with others, I think the skill of motivating people to deliver the vision is very urgent for me to improve as I only got a score of 4 out of 10 in the first survey. Here, I am trying to set up a plan to develop motivating skills during my current acute care clinical practice. As mentioned above, the main barrier for me to motivate other people is that I dont know how to motivate them, and I lack some skills. Therefore, the goal of this plan is to identify some strategies and develop my motivating competency through applying them in the clinical practice. After reviewing some literature articles, I find the following three strategies are helpful for the development. My first strategy is to set up effective visions in the clinical practice. According to the Mind Tools (2015e), setting up a clear and achievable vision is essential to build up a motivating environment. There is no motivation if there is no vision. The ambiguous and immeasurable vision will increase the challenge to motivate. An achievable and challenging vision will make people feel more important and valuable, and result in easier to motivate. Therefore, to improve motivating ability, I need to develop my ability for providing an effective vision, which is also one of my leadership weaknesses from the survey result. To achieve that, I plan to take the following tactics in the clinical practice. First, I will try to design some effective visions or goals which relate to the acute nursing care. According to Mind Tools (2015e), an effective goal should have the features of specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, time (SMART). I will make sure each goal can meet these five feature s after designing. For example, during the patient discharge education, I will create a SMART goal like this: patient will state that he knew how to use the leg bag catheter before the discharge. Second, I will ensure each goal is consistent. According to the Mind Tools (2015e), if a goal is inconsistent with the persons long term goals, it will cause the person confusion and go to the wrong directions. Therefore, in the clinical practice, I will assess each proposed goal to see whether it matches the patients long term goals. For example, if I provide a goal which is not consistent with the patients other goals, it will be every hard or even impossible to motivate this patient to achieve it. Third, I will put some challenge in the goal. According to the Mind Tools (2015e), people usually work harder if you put more expects of them. If a goal is too simple and too easy to achieve, people may not be motivated to do it as it doesnt have any challenge. People are like to perform import ant, valuable changes. For example, if I set a goal to motivate other nursing students to increase their communication times with their patients during each shift, the nursing students may think it is too simple to do. Therefore, putting challenge in the goal will increase the possibility for motivation. In summary, I believe my competency in providing effective visions will be improved if I can persistently apply the above three tactics in the clinical practice. My second strategy to improve the motivating skill is to build trust relationships with the patients, nurse staffs, instructor, and other nursing students during the clinical practice. As we know, having a trust relationship is the foundation to motivate other people in the leadership practice, and trust can bring out the best in each individual (RNAO, 2013). Therefore, I need to learn some trust relationship building skills to improve my motivating ability. To build up and maintain a trust relationship throughout the clinical practice, I plan to take the following tactics which are the recommendations from the Best Practice Guideline (RNAO, 2013). First, I will show my care, respect, and concerns. I will recognize and respect the different values and beliefs without judgement and criticism. When providing nursing care to the patient, I will respect the patient autonomy decision. I will show my empathy and provide nursing care to the patients for their illness. Second, I will demonst rate integrity and fairness during the practice. I will openly share my values and beliefs to the patients and other nursing students. I will increase the culturally sensitive during the practice. I will set up clear performance standards to make sure the fairness during the nursing care. If I made a mistake by accident, I will admit it and take the responsibility. I will also keep the commitments during the nursing care. For example, if I said to the patient that I will come back to see him/her soon, I will implement it. Otherwise, I will lose the trust of this patient. Third, I will demonstrate the role competency and promote the teamwork. I will apply the medical and pharmacological knowledge, as well as the relationship and leadership knowledge during the practice. I will promote my collaborative relationship with other health work providers. I will give assistance to the other nursing students when they needed. I will also receive and acknowledge the helps from other nursing st udents and nurse staffs in the unit. In summary, I will be able to build up a trust relationship based on the above three tactics. However, it may be harder to maintain a trust relationship than building it. There are so many factors can cause the losing of trust, such as the inconsistency between the actions and says, seeking for the personal interesting, lie, and withhold information (RNAO, 2013). Therefore, I need to put more efforts on that during the clinical practice. My third strategy to improve my motivating ability is to identify the differences between individuals. To achieve the goal of motivating, rigid techniques should be avoided as each individual has his/her specific features. According to the Hersey Blanchard situational leadership theory (Wikipedia, 2015b), there are four mature level of the followers: M1, M2, M3, and M4. The M1 followers are lacking specific skills and are unwilling to make changes. The M2 followers are lacking specific skills, but are willing to make changes. The M3 followers are experienced, but unwilling to make changes. The M4 followers are experienced and willing to make changes. As a result, different motivation skills should be adapted according to the followers maturity level. For example, when I am trying to motivate a patient to make some healthy behavior changes, I will firstly identify the maturity level of this patient by assessing his/her willingness and capacity. If the patient has the willingness and c apacity, I may just need to tell him/her to make the change. If the patient has willingnesses but not has capacity, I may need to find out the tools to help her/him build up the capacity. If the patient doesnt have willingness but has capacity, I may need to focus on the strategies of motivation, such as assisting the patient to identify and overcome the barriers. If the patient does not have the both willingness and capacity, it will be more challenge as I am not only need to motivate but also need to help build up the capacity. In this way, I will be able to use different techniques to motivate people according to their characteristics. By applying the above three strategies in my current acute care clinical practice, I anticipate to improve my competencies of setting up compelling visions, building up trust relationship, and identifying the differences between individuals in clinical. As a result, I will increase my ability of motivation at the end. During this process, I will also be able to evaluate the ethical and legal nursing care standards in the current acute care unit when I am designing the compelling vision. I will learn how to evaluate the professional standards and guidelines and apply them in the clinical practice. For example, I learned the strategies of building up trust relationship from the Best Practice Guideline (RNAO, 2013), and I will use this knowledge to build up the trust relationship in the clinical practice. I will learn how to analysis the leadership theories and use them to lead the change during nursing practice. For example, I will use the Hersey Blanchard situational leadership theory to assess the maturity level of each individual. After obtaining some motivation competencies, I will try to practice little leadership among the nursing student group. References Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (RNAO). (2013). Healthy work environments best practice guidelines: Developing and sustaining nursing leadership. Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/developing-and-sustaining-nursing-leadership. Mind Tools. (2015a). What is leadership? Retrieved from: http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_41.htm. Mind Tools. (2015b). Leadership skills: Become an exceptional leader. Retrieved from: http://www.mindtools.com/pages/main/newMN_LDR.htm. Mind Tools. (2015c). How good are your leadership skills? Retrieved from: http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_50.htm. Mind Tools. (2015d). The leadership motivation assessment: How motivated are you to lead? Retrieved from: http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_01.htm. Mind Tools. (2015e). How good are your motivation skills? Retrieved from: http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTMM_67.htm. Canadian Nurse Association (CNA). (2009). Position Statement: Nursing leadership. Retrieved from http://www.cna-aiic.ca/~/media/cna/page-content/pdf-en/nursing-leadership_position-statement.pdf?la=en. College of Nurses of Ontario (CNO). (2002). Professional Standards: Leadership. Retrieved from http://www.cno.org/Global/docs/prac/41006_ProfStds.pdf. College of Nurses of Ontario (CNO). (2014). Competencies for entry-level Registered Nurse Practice. Retrieved from: http://www.cno.org/Global/docs/reg/41037_EntryToPracitic_ final.pdf?epslanguage=en. Wikipedia. (2015a). Transformational leadership. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformational_leadership Wikipedia. (2015b). Situational leadership theory. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situational_leadership_theory Hutchison, M. Jackson, D. (2013). Transformational leadership in nursing: towards a more critical interpretation. Nursing Inquiry, 20 (1), 11–22. doi DOI: 10.1111/nin.12006.

game :: essays research papers

Gigabyte has finally unveiled their new video card based on the Radeon 8500. The Radeon 8500 has been recieving good press from other review sites and users with the latest drivers. Gigabyte has decided to jump on the bandwagon and released their 8500 based card with a core/clock of 275/275MHz. The Maya Serial as it will be called will feature 3.6NS ram which is on par with the retail ATI Radeon 8500. It also features Gigabyte's V-Tuner which allows temperature monitoring and overclocking. This should allow users to monitor temperatures of the Graphics Card more accurately then when measured with devices such as a Compunurse. Gigabyte Announces All New Graphics card Called ?g MAYA Serial ?h With ATi GPU Gigabyte has always concentrated the efforts in bringing top-of-the-line and admirable product to the global market. MAYA Serial 3D graphics accelerator, the masterpiece with newly released ATi Chipset, offers numerously genius designs and utilities you have never seen. It also supports high-speed DDR SDRAM memory?iAP Serial?j, ensured a outstanding 3D graphics performance even in the high loading of 3D Applications or 3D multi-work. As the MAYA Serial required a better heatsink, not surprisingly the card is fitted with a bigger fan-sink as well as heatsinks High performance on the RAM module?iAP/AR Serial?jto make the overclocked components run as stable as possible. All MAYA Serial utilizes the recently announced DirectX 8.x driver, providing unprecedented levels of 3D game performance and animation quality, enable users to experience a rich 3D environment. Gigabyte patented graphics accelerator driver / V-Tuner Utility In order to meet market requirement, the patented driver included a driver interface specific designed for MAYA Serial graphics accelerators called ?gV-Tuner?h. When users install the V-Tuner, the driver icon will be appeared and exists in the desktop. As long as you right click the icon, V-Tuner will generate a full-function optional menu immediately. game :: essays research papers Gigabyte has finally unveiled their new video card based on the Radeon 8500. The Radeon 8500 has been recieving good press from other review sites and users with the latest drivers. Gigabyte has decided to jump on the bandwagon and released their 8500 based card with a core/clock of 275/275MHz. The Maya Serial as it will be called will feature 3.6NS ram which is on par with the retail ATI Radeon 8500. It also features Gigabyte's V-Tuner which allows temperature monitoring and overclocking. This should allow users to monitor temperatures of the Graphics Card more accurately then when measured with devices such as a Compunurse. Gigabyte Announces All New Graphics card Called ?g MAYA Serial ?h With ATi GPU Gigabyte has always concentrated the efforts in bringing top-of-the-line and admirable product to the global market. MAYA Serial 3D graphics accelerator, the masterpiece with newly released ATi Chipset, offers numerously genius designs and utilities you have never seen. It also supports high-speed DDR SDRAM memory?iAP Serial?j, ensured a outstanding 3D graphics performance even in the high loading of 3D Applications or 3D multi-work. As the MAYA Serial required a better heatsink, not surprisingly the card is fitted with a bigger fan-sink as well as heatsinks High performance on the RAM module?iAP/AR Serial?jto make the overclocked components run as stable as possible. All MAYA Serial utilizes the recently announced DirectX 8.x driver, providing unprecedented levels of 3D game performance and animation quality, enable users to experience a rich 3D environment. Gigabyte patented graphics accelerator driver / V-Tuner Utility In order to meet market requirement, the patented driver included a driver interface specific designed for MAYA Serial graphics accelerators called ?gV-Tuner?h. When users install the V-Tuner, the driver icon will be appeared and exists in the desktop. As long as you right click the icon, V-Tuner will generate a full-function optional menu immediately.

Thunder Road

Indicate a lack of self-control. For example, On pages 41-43, a young Maori boy had entered the paint shop where Trace and Karen worked at, and had pointed the knife at Karen to bring him some glue. Trace could have obviously ran for It, but to show himself off to Karen he tackled the boy down. He was very tempted to show himself. Temptation can be known for a bad cause, and even a good cause. The character of Trace is interesting in the novel. This is because he develops a close relationship with Devon (his roommate) , his low self-esteem and he changes from a lower to a leader.An interesting feature of Trace is his relationship with Devon. At first, Trace wasn't sure about Devon saying, â€Å"l didn't know who I was sharing a room with. † As the novel continued Trace started to spend more time with Devon eventually becoming so close that he feels that â€Å"we were brother's man†. Trace had no close family and in the novel, Devon became like his family. This was impor tant because it meant that Trace was willing to support Devon in everything he did, like you would for a family member.Trace's relationship with Devon is interesting to the deader, because it means that Trace is willing to do things he wouldn't normally do, including stealing the drugs. A second interesting feature of Trace's personality is his low self-esteem, which is shown through his relationship with Karen. Karen is a girl from a rich family. Her parents are both doctors and her house is a mansion. On pages 50-52, when Trace goes to dinner at the house, he feels that both her parents are looking down on him. He says â€Å"They thought I was nothing†. Instead of standing up to them, Trace sinks lower and drinks a lot to boost his confidence.This results in him humiliating himself In front of the family and ultimately, the end of his relationship with Karen. Careen's parents weren't actually behaving negatively towards Trace. He Just Imagined that they were because of his low self-esteem. This Is an Interesting feature of Traces personality because his low self-esteem makes him more likely to go along with what other people want. If he had a more positive view of himself, he might have behaved better at Careen's and might never have gone along with Devon. HIS low self esteem shows the reader his motivation for what he does In the novel.Thunder Road By horseshoes Thunder Road is a novel about the life of a 19 year old boy, having no connection to of Auckland, New Zealand. Though when love strikes the innocent Trace, his world is torn into two. Is street racing the best option or his one and only true love? Society, Love and sacrifice, Power of Tradition, though the central topic of this novel is Temptation. Temptation is usually used in a loose sense to describe actions that indicate a lack of self-control. For example, On pages 41-43, a young Maori boy had at Karen to bring him some glue.Trace could have obviously ran for it, but to show lower too le ader. An interesting feature of Trace is his relationship with Devon. At in front of the family and ultimately, the end of his relationship with Karen. Careen's parents weren't actually behaving negatively towards Trace. He Just imagined that they were because of his low self-esteem. This is an interesting feature of Trace's other people want. If he had a more positive view of himself, he might have behaved better at Careen's and might never have gone along with Devon. His low self esteem shows the reader his motivation for what he does in the novel.

Famous Geographers and People Who Studied Geography

There are a few famous people who studied geography and then moved on to other things after obtaining a degree. There are also a few notable geographers within the field who have made names for themselves within and outside the discipline. Below, youll find a listing of famous people who studied geography and famous geographers in their own right. Famous People Who Studied Geography The most famous former geography student is Prince William (the Duke of Cambridge) of the United Kingdom who studied geography at the University of St. Andrews in Scotland; having switched from studying the history of art. He received his  Scottish masters degree (the equivalent of a U.S. bachelors degree) in 2005. Prince William utilized his navigational skills to serve in the Royal Air Force as a helicopter pilot. Basketball great Michael Jordan graduated with a degree in geography from the University of North Carolina Chapel Hill in 1986. Jordan took several courses in the regional geography of the Americas. Mother Teresa taught geography at covenant schools in Kolkata, India before she founded the Missionaries of Charity. The United Kingdom (where geography is a very popular university major) claims two additional famous geographers.  John Patten  (born in 1945) who was a member of Margaret Thatchers government as Education Minister, studied geography at Cambridge.   Rob Andrew  (born 1963) is a former England Rugby Union Player and Professional Rugby Director of the Rugby Football Union who studied geography at Cambridge. From Chile, former dictator Augusto Pinochet  (1915-2006) is usually cited as a geographer; he wrote five books on geopolitics, geography, and military history while associated with Chiles Military School. Hungarian Pà ¡l Count Teleki de Szà ©k [Paul Teleki]  (1879-1941) was a university professor of geography, member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungarian Parliament, and Prime Minister of Hungary 1920-21 and 1939-41. He wrote a history of Hungary and was active in Hungarian scouting. His reputation is not great since he governed Hungary during the ramp-up to WWII and was in power when anti-Jewish laws were enacted. He committed suicide over disputes with the army. Russian Peter Kropotkin [Pyotr Alexeyevich Kropotkin] (1842-1921), a working geographer, secretary of the Russian Geographical Society in the 1860s, and, later, anarchist and communist revolutionary. Famous Geographers Harm de Blij (1935-2014) was a famous geographer known for his studies in regional, geopolitical and environmental geography. He was a prolific author, a professor of geography and he was the Geography Editor for ABC’s  Good Morning America  from 1990 to 1996. Following his stint at ABC, de Blij joined NBC News as a Geography Analyst. He is best known for his classic geography textbook  Geography: Realms, Regions, and Concepts. Alexander von Humboldt (1769-1859) was described by  Charles Darwin as the greatest scientific traveler who ever lived. He is widely respected as one of the founders of modern geography. Alexander von Humboldts travels, experiments, and knowledge transformed western science in the nineteenth century. William Morris Davis  (1850-1934) is often called the father of American geography for his work in not only helping to establish geography as an academic discipline but also for his advancement of physical geography  and the development of geomorphology. The ancient Greek scholar Eratosthenes is commonly called the father of geography for he was the first to use the word  geography  and he had a small-scale notion of the planet that led him to be able to determine the circumference of the Earth.